Lub npe tag nrho ntawm lithium hlau phosphate roj teeb yog lithium hlau phosphate lithium ion roj teeb, lub npe no ntev dhau lawm, hu ua lithium hlau phosphate roj teeb. Vim tias nws qhov kev ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb rau kev siv fais fab, lo lus "lub zog" yog ntxiv rau lub npe, uas yog, lithium hlau phosphate fais fab roj teeb. Qee tus neeg kuj hu nws tias "lithium hlau (LiFe) lub zog roj teeb."
Txoj cai ua haujlwm
Lithium hlau phosphate roj teeb hais txog lub roj teeb lithium ion siv lithium hlau phosphate ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo. Cov khoom siv cathode tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj teeb lithium-ion yog lithium cobalt, lithium manganate, lithium nickel, cov ntaub ntawv ternary, lithium hlau phosphate thiab lwm yam. Lithium cobaltate yog cov khoom siv anode siv hauv cov roj teeb lithium-ion feem ntau.
qhov tseem ceeb
Hauv kev lag luam hlau, cobalt (Co) yog qhov kim tshaj plaws thiab tsis tshua muaj cia, npib tsib xee (Ni) thiab manganese (Mn) pheej yig dua, thiab hlau (Fe) muaj ntau qhov chaw cia. Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv anode kuj yog raws li tus nqi ntawm cov hlau no. Yog li ntawd, lithium-ion roj teeb ua los ntawm LiFePO4 cov ntaub ntawv cathode yuav tsum pheej yig heev. Lwm feature ntawm nws yog tsis muaj kuab paug rau ib puag ncig.
Raws li lub roj teeb rechargeable, qhov yuav tsum tau muaj yog: muaj peev xwm, siab tso zis voltage, zoo them-kho tawm lub voj voog kev ua tau zoo, ruaj khov tso zis voltage, siab tam sim no tus nqi-kho tawm, electrochemical stability, kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev siv (yuav tsis ua rau combustion lossis tawg vim kev ua haujlwm tsis raug. xws li overcharge, overdischarge thiab luv luv Circuit Court), dav kev khiav hauj lwm kub ntau, tsis muaj tshuaj lom los yog tsawg toxicity, tsis muaj kuab paug rau ib puag ncig. Lithium hlau phosphate roj teeb siv LiFePO4 raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo hauv cov kev ua haujlwm no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov pa paug loj (5 ~ 10C paug), ruaj khov tawm hluav taws xob, kev nyab xeeb (tsis muaj hluav taws xob, tsis muaj tawg), lub neej (ntau lub voj voog), thiab tsis muaj kuab paug rau ib puag ncig, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, yog tam sim no qhov zoo tshaj plaws high-tam sim no tso zis fais fab roj teeb.
Cov qauv thiab cov qauv kev ua haujlwm
LiFePO4, raws li qhov zoo electrode ntawm lub roj teeb, txuas nrog aluminium ntawv ci rau qhov zoo electrode ntawm lub roj teeb. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab yog ib tug polymer diaphragm, uas cais qhov zoo electrode los ntawm qhov tsis zoo electrode, tab sis lithium ion Li tuaj yeem dhau los thiab electron e- tsis tuaj yeem hla. Nyob rau sab xis yog qhov tsis zoo electrode ntawm lub roj teeb uas muaj cov pa roj carbon (graphite), uas txuas nrog qhov tsis zoo electrode ntawm lub roj teeb los ntawm tooj liab ntawv ci. Nruab nrab ntawm sab sauv thiab qis kawg ntawm lub roj teeb yog cov electrolyte ntawm lub roj teeb, thiab lub roj teeb yog kaw los ntawm lub plhaub hlau.
Thaum lub roj teeb LiFePO4 raug them, cov lithium ion Li hauv qhov zoo electrode tsiv mus rau qhov tsis zoo electrode los ntawm polymer diaphragm; Thaum lub sijhawm tso tawm, cov lithium ion Li hauv qhov tsis zoo electrode migrate los ntawm diaphragm mus rau qhov zoo electrode. Cov roj teeb lithium-ion muaj npe vim lithium ions tsiv mus nyob rov qab los thaum lawv raug them thiab tawm.
Kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb
Lub nominal voltage ntawm LiFePO4 roj teeb yog 3.2V, qhov kev txiav tawm nqi hluav taws xob yog 3.6V, thiab txiav tawm qhov hluav taws xob yog 2.0V. Vim muaj qhov sib txawv zoo thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom zoo thiab tsis zoo electrode thiab cov khoom siv electrolyte siv los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab, lawv cov kev ua tau zoo yuav txawv me ntsis. Piv txwv li, tib lub qauv ( tib lub pob ntawm cov qauv roj teeb), nws lub peev xwm roj teeb muaj qhov sib txawv loj (10% txog 20%).
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg ntawm no tias muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lithium hlau phosphate fais fab roj teeb uas tsim los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom sib txawv; Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj qee qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov roj teeb tsis suav nrog, xws li roj teeb sab hauv, tus nqi tawm ntawm tus kheej, tus nqi thiab qhov kub thiab txias.
Lub peev xwm ntawm lithium hlau phosphate fais fab roj teeb muaj ntau qhov sib txawv, thiab tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg: me me kaum rau ob peb milliamps, nruab nrab-qhov loj me kaum milliamps, thiab loj ntau pua milliamps. Kuj tseem muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm ntau hom roj teeb.
Overdischarge rau xoom voltage test:
Qhov kev tso tawm mus rau xoom qhov ntsuas ntawm STL18650(1100}mAh) lithium hlau phosphate fais fab roj teeb tau nqa tawm. Kuaj tej yam kev mob: Them lub 1100mAh STL18650 roj teeb nrog 0.5C them tus nqi, thiab ces tso nws nrog 1.0C paug tus nqi kom txog thaum lub roj teeb voltage yog 0C. Tom qab ntawd cov roj teeb uas muab tso rau hauv 0V muab faib ua ob pawg: ib pawg yog khaws cia rau 7 hnub, lwm pab pawg yog khaws cia rau 30 hnub; Tom qab tso tawm tas, nws tau ntim nrog 0.5C them tus nqi, thiab tom qab ntawd tawm nrog 1.0C. Thaum kawg, qhov sib txawv ntawm ob xoom voltage cia lub sij hawm muab piv.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas yog tias tom qab 7 hnub ntawm xoom voltage cia, lub roj teeb tsis muaj to, kev ua tau zoo, thiab lub peev xwm yog 100%; Tom qab 30 hnub ntawm kev khaws cia, tsis muaj qhov xau, kev ua haujlwm zoo, muaj peev xwm ntawm 98%; Tom qab 30 hnub ntawm kev cia, lub roj teeb tau them thiab tawm mus rau 3 lub voj voog ntxiv, thiab lub peev xwm rov qab los rau 100%.
Qhov kev sim no qhia tau hais tias txawm tias lub roj teeb lithium hlau phosphate tau raug tso tawm (txawm mus rau 0V), thiab khaws cia rau ib lub sijhawm, lub roj teeb yuav tsis xau thiab puas. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb uas lwm hom roj teeb lithium-ion tsis muaj.
Qhov zoo
1. Kev txhim kho kev nyab xeeb kev ua haujlwm
PO daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv lithium hlau phosphate siv lead ua yog ruaj khov thiab nyuaj rau decompose, txawm nyob rau hauv high kub los yog overcharge, nws yuav tsis tawg thiab kub los yog tsim muaj zog oxidizing tshuaj xws li lithium cobalt oxide, yog li nws muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo. Nws tau raug tshaj tawm tias ib feem me me ntawm cov qauv tau pom tias hlawv hauv qhov kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag ntawm rab koob lossis luv luv Circuit Court sim, tab sis tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim tawg, thiab qhov kev sim overcharge tau siv cov nqi hluav taws xob ntau dhau ntawm tus kheej tawm. voltage ntau zaus, thiab pom tias tseem muaj qhov tawg. Txawm li cas los xij, nws txoj kev ruaj ntseg overcharge tau zoo dua qub piv nrog cov kua electrolyte lithium cobalt oxide roj teeb zoo tib yam.
2. Kev txhim kho lub neej
Lithium hlau phosphate roj teeb yog lithium ion roj teeb siv lithium hlau phosphate ua cov khoom siv electrode zoo.
Lub neej voj voog ntawm lub neej ntev ntawm cov roj ntsha lead-acid yog kwv yees li 300 zaug, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 500 zaug, thaum lub roj teeb lithium hlau phosphate muaj lub neej voj voog ntau dua 2000 zaug, thiab tus qauv them nqi ({{5} }teev tus nqi) tuaj yeem siv rau 2000 zaug. Lub roj teeb zoo tib yam yog "tshiab ib nrab xyoo, ib nrab xyoo, kev tu thiab tu rau lwm ib nrab xyoo", feem ntau 1 txog 1.5 xyoo, thiab lithium hlau phosphate roj teeb yog siv nyob rau hauv tib yam kev mob, theoretical. lub neej yuav ncav cuag 7 txog 8 xyoo. Kev txiav txim siab tag nrho, qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm tus nqi yog ntau dua 4 npaug ntawm cov roj ntsha lead-acid hauv kev xav. Kev tawm tam sim no siab tuaj yeem ua rau siab tam sim no 2C ceev ceev thiab tso tawm, nyob rau hauv lub charger tshwj xeeb, 1.5C them tuaj yeem them tag nrho hauv 40 feeb, pib tam sim no mus txog 2C, thiab cov roj ntsha lead-acid tsis muaj qhov ua tau zoo no.
3. Kev kub siab ua haujlwm zoo
Lub ncov tus nqi ntawm lithium hlau phosphate tuaj yeem ncav cuag 350 degree -500 degree, thaum lithium manganate thiab lithium cobaltate tsuas yog kwv yees li 200 degree. Kev khiav hauj lwm kub yog qhov dav (-20C-- 75C), thiab lub ncov hluav taws xob ntawm lithium hlau phosphate tuaj yeem ncav cuag 350 degree -500 degree, thaum lithium manganese acid thiab lithium cobalt acid tsuas yog txog 200 degree.
4. Muaj peev xwm loj
Cov roj teeb feem ntau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas lawv muaj tag nrho thiab tsis tso tawm, thiab lub peev xwm yuav nrawm dua li qhov ntsuas muaj peev xwm, uas yog hu ua cov txiaj ntsig nco. Zoo li npib tsib xee-hlau hydride, nickel-cadmium roj teeb muaj lub cim xeeb, thiab lithium hlau phosphate roj teeb tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim no, txawm hais tias lub roj teeb nyob hauv lub xeev, nws tuaj yeem siv nrog tus nqi, yam tsis muaj qhov tso ua ntej thiab tom qab ntawd them.
6. Lub teeb nyhav
Lub ntim thiab qhov hnyav ntawm lithium hlau phosphate roj teeb nrog tib lub peev xwm yog 2/3 ntawm qhov ntim thiab 1/3 ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov roj ntsha lead-acid.
7. Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig
Cov roj teeb lithium hlau phosphate feem ntau suav hais tias tsis muaj cov hlau hnyav thiab cov hlau tsis tshua muaj (nickel hlau hydride roj teeb xav tau cov hlau tsis tshua muaj), tsis muaj tshuaj lom (SGS ntawv pov thawj), tsis muaj kuab paug, raws li European RoHS cov cai, rau cov ntsuab ntsuab. roj teeb daim ntawv pov thawj. Yog li, vim li cas vim li cas cov roj teeb lithium zoo siab los ntawm kev lag luam yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, yog li lub roj teeb tau suav nrog hauv "863" lub teb chaws high-tech txoj kev npaj rau lub sijhawm "Kaum Tsib Tsib Xyoo" lub sijhawm, thiab tau dhau los ua ib txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tebchaws los txhawb thiab txhawb kev txhim kho. Nrog rau Tuam Tshoj txoj kev nkag mus rau WTO, kev xa tawm ntim ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov tsheb kauj vab hluav taws xob yuav nce sai, thiab cov tsheb kauj vab hluav taws xob nkag mus rau Tebchaws Europe thiab Tebchaws Meskas tau tsim kom muaj cov roj teeb tsis muaj kuab lom.
Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov kws tshaj lij tau hais tias kev ua qias tuaj ib puag ncig los ntawm cov roj ntsha lead-acid feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tsis yog txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem rov ua haujlwm ntawm cov lag luam. Ib yam li ntawd, cov roj teeb lithium muaj nyob rau hauv kev lag luam tshiab lub zog yog qhov zoo, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem zam qhov teeb meem ntawm cov hlau hnyav hnyav. Lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, chromium, thiab lwm yam hauv kev ua cov khoom siv hlau tuaj yeem tso rau hauv plua plav thiab dej. Lub roj teeb nws tus kheej yog cov tshuaj lom neeg, yog li nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau ob hom kev ua qias tuaj: ib qho yog cov txheej txheem pov tseg cov pa phem hauv qhov project ntau lawm; Qhov thib ob yog lub roj teeb muaj kuab paug tom qab scrapping.
Cov roj teeb lithium hlau phosphate kuj muaj lawv qhov tsis zoo: xws li kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, cov khoom siv me me zoo vibration ceev, lub ntim ntawm lithium hlau phosphate roj teeb ntawm tib lub peev xwm loj dua lithium ion roj teeb xws li lithium cobalt acid, yog li nws tsis muaj. qhov zoo ntawm cov roj teeb micro. Thaum siv cov roj teeb fais fab, cov roj teeb lithium hlau phosphate, zoo li lwm cov roj teeb, yuav tsum tau ntsib teeb meem roj teeb.
Ua tsis tau
Txawm hais tias cov khoom siv muaj peev xwm rau kev tsim kho, ntxiv rau kev tsom mus rau nws qhov zoo, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog seb cov khoom puas muaj qhov tsis xws luag.
Tuam Tshoj tam sim no feem ntau xaiv lithium hlau phosphate ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo rau lub zog lithium-ion roj teeb, los ntawm tsoomfwv, cov chaw tshawb fawb tshawb fawb, cov lag luam thiab txawm tias cov tuam txhab kev nyab xeeb thiab lwm cov kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kev lag luam zoo siab txog cov khoom siv no, raws li lub zog lithium-ion roj teeb kev loj hlob. kev taw qhia. Cov laj thawj feem ntau yog raws li hauv qab no: Ua ntej, cuam tshuam los ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, Valence thiab A123 cov tuam txhab hauv Tebchaws Meskas yog thawj zaug siv lithium hlau phosphate ua cov khoom siv electrode zoo ntawm lithium-ion roj teeb. Qhov thib ob, tsis muaj kev npaj hauv tsev ntawm lithium manganate cov ntaub ntawv nrog kev kub siab thiab kev cia khoom rau lub zog lithium-ion roj teeb. Txawm li cas los xij, lithium hlau phosphate kuj tseem muaj qhov tsis xws luag uas tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav raws li hauv qab no:
1. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem sintering ntawm lithium hlau phosphate npaj, hlau oxide muaj peev xwm raug txo mus rau elemental hlau nyob rau hauv ib tug kub txo qhov cua. Elemental hlau tuaj yeem ua rau lub micro luv luv Circuit Court ntawm lub roj teeb thiab yog cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv lub roj teeb. Qhov no kuj yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb vim li cas Nyiv tsis tau siv cov khoom siv no ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo rau cov roj teeb lithium-ion.
2 Kev ua haujlwm kub qis yog qhov tsis zoo, txawm tias nano thiab carbon txheej tsis daws qhov teeb meem no. Dr. Don Hillebrand, tus thawj coj ntawm Lub Zog Cia System Center ntawm Argonne National Laboratory hauv Tebchaws Meskas, thaum tham txog kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm lithium hlau phosphate roj teeb, nws tau siv qhov txaus ntshai los piav qhia txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntsuas lithium hlau phosphate lithium ion roj teeb pom. tias lithium hlau phosphate roj teeb ntawm qhov kub qis (qis dua 0 degree C) tsis tuaj yeem ua hluav taws xob tsheb khiav. Txawm hais tias qee cov tuam txhab lag luam thov tias lub peev xwm khaws cia ntawm lithium hlau phosphate roj teeb yog qhov zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, nws yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov paug me me tam sim no thiab tsis tshua muaj paug tawm hluav taws xob. Hauv qhov no, lub cuab yeej yuav tsis pib ua haujlwm txhua.
3. Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov nqi tsim khoom ntawm lub roj teeb yog siab dua, lub roj teeb tawm los qis, thiab qhov sib xws tsis zoo. Nanometer thiab carbon txheej ntawm lithium hlau phosphate txhim kho electrochemical kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom, tab sis kuj coj lwm yam teeb meem, xws li txo lub zog ceev, nce synthesis nqi, tsis zoo electrode ua kev ua tau zoo thiab hnyav ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau. Txawm hais tias cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg Li, Fe thiab P hauv lithium hlau phosphate yog nplua nuj heev, thiab tus nqi qis, cov khoom siv lithium hlau phosphate raug nqi tsis tsawg, txawm tias qhov kev tshawb fawb ntxov thiab kev tsim kho tus nqi raug tshem tawm, cov txheej txheem ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv lithium hlau phosphate yog qhov tsawg. cov khoom siv ntxiv rau tus nqi siab ntawm kev npaj lub roj teeb yuav ua rau lub zog kawg ntawm chav tsev cia nqi siab dua.
4. Cov khoom tsis zoo sib xws. Tam sim no, tsis muaj lithium hlau phosphate khoom Hoobkas hauv Suav teb los daws qhov teeb meem no. Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm kev npaj cov ntaub ntawv, cov synthesis ntawm lithium hlau phosphate yog ib tug complex multiphase cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nrog cov khoom theem phosphate, hlau oxide thiab lithium ntsev, ntxiv rau carbon precursor thiab txo cov roj theem. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv complex, nws yog ib qho nyuaj los xyuas kom meej qhov sib xws ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
5. Teeb meem kev txawj ntse. Tam sim no, daim ntawv pov thawj tseem ceeb rau lithium hlau phosphate yog tus tswv los ntawm University of Texas, thaum cov pa roj carbon txheej patent tau thov los ntawm Canadians. Ob daim patents yooj yim no tsis tuaj yeem hla dhau, yog tias tus nqi ntawm cov khoom lag luam raug suav, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom yuav raug nce ntxiv.
Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm kev paub txog kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thiab tsim cov roj teeb lithium-ion, Nyiv yog thawj lub teb chaws ua lag luam roj teeb lithium-ion, thiab yeej ib txwm tuav lub lag luam high-end lithium-ion roj teeb. Txawm hais tias Tebchaws Meskas yog tus thawj coj hauv qee qhov kev tshawb fawb, nws tsis muaj lub tuam txhab roj teeb lithium-ion loj txog tam sim no. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau Nyij Pooj xaiv hloov kho lithium manganate ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo rau cov roj teeb lithium-ion dynamic. Txawm tias nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas, kev siv lithium hlau phosphate thiab lithium manganate lithium-ion roj teeb cathode cov khoom lag luam tau muab faib sib npaug, thiab tsoomfwv tseem txhawb nqa kev txhim kho ntawm ob lub tshuab. Nyob rau hauv kev saib ntawm cov teeb meem saum toj no uas muaj nyob rau hauv lithium hlau phosphate, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau siv dav raws li ib tug zoo electrode khoom rau lub hwj chim lithium-ion roj teeb nyob rau hauv teb xws li lub zog tshiab tsheb. Yog tias peb tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab kev cia khoom ntawm lithium manganate, nrog nws qhov zoo ntawm tus nqi qis thiab kev ua haujlwm siab, nws yuav muaj peev xwm zoo hauv kev siv cov roj teeb lithium-ion dynamic.
